Table of Contents

Troubleshooting

Problem Solving
Troubleshooting the Power and Cooling Systems
Environmental Reporting Features
Troubleshooting Modules, Cables, and Connections
Reading Front-Panel LEDs
Reading Module LEDs
Module Enable LED
Ethernet Module LEDs
Ethernet and Token Ring Module LEDs
Async /Sync Serial Module LEDs
BRI/ST Modules
BRI U Modules
CT1/PRI Module LEDs
CT1/PRI-CSU Module LEDs
CE1/PRI Module LEDs
Reading WAN Interface Card LEDs
Serial WAN Interface Card LEDs
BRI WAN Interface Card LEDs
Recovering a Lost Enable Password
Recovering Software Images
Console Requirements
Copying the Cisco IOS Image

Troubleshooting

Your router goes through extensive testing and burn-in before leaving the factory. If you do encounter problems, use the information in this appendix to help isolate problems, or to rule out the router as the source of the problem.

This appendix contains the following sections:

• Problem Solving
  

• Reading Front-Panel LEDs
  

• Reading Module LEDs
  

• Reading WAN Interface Card LEDs
  

• Recovering a Lost Enable Password
  

• Recovering Software Images
  

If you cannot locate the source of the problem, contact a customer service representative for information on how to proceed. For technical support information, refer to the information packet that shipped with your router. Before you call, have the following information ready:

• Chassis type and serial number
  

• Maintenance agreement or warranty information
  

• Type of software and version number
  

• Date you received the new chassis
  

• Brief description of the problem
  

• Brief explanation of the steps you have taken to isolate the problem
  

Problem Solving

The key to problem solving is to isolate the problem to a specific subsystem by comparing what the router is doing to what it should be doing.

The LEDs on the front panel of the router enable you to determine router performance and operation. For a description of these LEDs, refer to the section "Reading Front-Panel LEDs" later in this appendix.

When problem solving, consider the following subsystems of the router:

• Power and cooling systems---Consider the external power source, power cable, router power supply and circuit breaker, and router blower and fan. Also consider inadequate ventilation or air circulation.
  

• module s---Use the LEDs on the module s to help identify a failure.
  

• Cables---Consider all the external cables that connect the router to the network.
  

Troubleshooting the Power and Cooling Systems

Both the system LED and the fans can help you to troubleshoot a power problem. Check the following items to help isolate the problem:

• With the power switch on, does the system LED go on?
  

  • If the LED is green, the router is receiving power and is functional.
    

  • If the LED is orange, the router is receiving power but is not functional.
    

  • If no, check the power source and power cable.
    

• With the power switch on and the system LED on, do the fans operate?
  

  • If no, check the fans.
    

• With the power switch on and the system LED off, do the fans operate?
  

  • If yes, the router is receiving power. The fans are connected directly to the DC outputs of the power supply.
    

  • If no, check the power source and power cable.
    

• Does the router shut down after being on a short time?
  

  • Check for an environmentally induced shutdown. See the next section, "Environmental Reporting Features."
    

  • Check the environmental site requirements in the section "General Site Requirements" in the chapter "Preparing to Install the Router."
    

  • Check for a power supply failure by inspecting the system LED on the front panel of the router. If the system LED is on, the power supply should be functioning.
    

• Router partially boots, but LEDs do not go on.
  

  • Check for a power supply failure by inspecting the system LED on the front panel of the router. If the system LED is on, the power supply should be functioning.
    

  • If the system LED is not on, or has turned orange in color, refer to the information packet that shipped with your router for warranty information or contact customer service.
    

Environmental Reporting Features

If the router is operating at an abnormally high temperature, you see the following message displayed:

%SYS-1-OVERTEMP: System detected OVERTEMPERATURE condition. Please 
resolve cooling problem immediately!   

Some causes of abnormally high router temperature are the following:

• Fan failure
  

• Air conditioner failure in the room
  

• Air blockage to cooling vents
  

Take steps to correct the problem. See also the sections "Site Environment" and "Equipment Racks" in the chapter "Preparing to Install the Router."

Troubleshooting Modules, Cables, and Connections

Network problems can be caused by a module, cables or cable connections, or external devices such as a modem, transceiver, hub, wall jack, WAN interface, or terminal. Check for the following symptoms to help isolate the problem:

• module is not recognized by the router.
  

  • Make sure the module is firmly seated in its slot.
    

  • Check the LEDs on the module. Each module has its own set of LEDs. For information on these LEDs, see the "Reading Module LEDs" later in this appendix.
    

  • Make sure you have a version of the Cisco IOS software that supports the module.
    

• module is recognized, but interface ports do not initialize.
  

  • Make sure the module is firmly seated in its slot.
    

  • Check external cable connections.
    

  • Make sure you have a version of the Cisco IOS software that supports the module.
    

• Router does not boot properly, or constantly or intermittently reboots.
  

  • Make sure the module is firmly seated in its slot.
    

  • Check the router chassis or software. Refer to the information packet that shipped with your router for warranty information or contact customer service.
    

• Router boots, but the console screen is frozen.
  

  • Check the external console connection.
    

  • Verify that the parameters for your terminal are set as follows:
    

  The data rate configured for the router (9600 bps is default)
  

  8 data bits
  

  No parity generated or checked
  

  2 stop bits
  

• Router powers on and boots only when a particular module is removed.
  

  • Check the module. Refer to the information packet that shipped with your router for warranty information or contact customer service.
    

• Router powers on and boots only when a particular cable is disconnected.
  

  • There may be a problem with the module or cable. Refer to the information packet that shipped with your router for warranty information or contact customer service.
    

Reading Front-Panel LEDs

The LEDs on the front panel of the router enable you to determine router performance and operation. Figure B-1 illustrates the LEDs on the front panel of the router. Table B-1 describes the system LED, Table B-2 describes the redundant power supply (RPS) LED, and Table B-3 describes the active, ready, and PCMCIA LEDs.

Figure B-1 : Front Panel LEDs

Table B-1 System LED

Color	Description
Off	The router is not powered
Green	The router is operating normally with active IOS
Blinking green	The router is operating normally in ROM monitor mode
Orange	The router is receiving power but not functioning properly

Table B-2 : RPS LED

Color	RPS Status
Off	Not installed
Green	Operational
Amber	Installed but not operational

Table B-3 Active, Ready, and PCMCIA LEDs

LED	Description
ACTIVE 0, 1	Blinks to indicate network activity on the module installed in the indicated slot (0, 1).
READY 0, 1	A functional module has been installed in the indicated slot (0, 1). If the LED is off, the slot is empty or the module is not functional.
PCMCIA 0, 1	Data activity on the indicated PCMCIA slot

Reading Module LEDs

The module LEDs are all visible through cutouts in the rear of the chassis.

The following sections describe module LEDs:

• Module Enable LED
  

• Ethernet Module LEDs
  

• Ethernet and Token Ring Module LEDs
  

• Async /Sync Serial Module LEDs
  

• BRI/ST Modules
  

• BRI U Modules
  

• CT1/PRI Module LEDs
  

• CT1/PRI-CSU Module LEDs
  

• CE1/PRI Module LEDs
  

Module Enable LED

All module s have an enable LED. When on, the enable LED indicates the module has passed its self-tests and is available to the system.

Ethernet Module LEDs

The LEDs on Ethernet modules are described in Table B-4.

Table B-4 : LEDs on Ethernet Modules

LEDs	Indication
ACT (activity)	System is transmitting or receiving data
LNK (link)	10BaseT is selected and the link is available

The LEDs on the 1E 2-slot module are labeled as shown in Figure B-2.

Figure B-2 : 1E 2-Slot Module LEDs

The LEDs on the 1E 2-slot module are labeled as shown in Figure B-3.

Figure B-3 : 2E 2-Slot Module LEDs

Ethernet and Token Ring Module LEDs

The LEDs on Ethernet and Token Ring modules are described in Table B-5.

Table B-5 : Token Ring Module LEDs

LEDs	Indication
16 MBPS lighted	Ring speed of 16 Mbps
16 MBPS unlighted	Ring speed of 4 Mbps
In-ring	Token Ring interface is inserted into the ring

The LEDs on the 1 Ethernet 1 Token Ring 2 WAN car slot (1E1R 2-slot) module are labeled as shown in Figure B-4.

Timesaver When the in-ring LED is off, you can unplug the Token Ring cable without causing a problem on the ring.

Figure B-4 : 1E1R 2-Slot Module LEDs

Async /Sync Serial Module LEDs

The LEDs on the A/S serial modules are described in Table B-6, and illustrated in Figure B-5, and Figure B-6.

Table B-6 : LEDs on the A/S Serial Module

LEDs	Indication
CN/LP	Indicates connect when green, loopback when yellow
RXC	Receive clock
RXD	Receive activity
TXC	Transmit clock
TXD	Transmit activity

Figure B-5 : 4-Port A/S Serial Module LEDs

Figure B-6 : 8-Port A/S Serial Module LEDs

BRI/ST Modules

The LEDs on the BRI S/T modules are described in Table B-7, and illustrated in Figure B-7, and Figure B-8.

Table B-7 : LEDs on the BRI S/T Module

LEDs	Indication
B1	Call established on the B1 channel
B2	Call established on the B2 channel

Figure B-7 : 4-Port BRI S/T Module LEDs

Figure B-8 : 8-Port BRI S/T Module LEDs

BRI U Modules

The LEDs on the BRI U modules are described in Table B-8. and illustrated in Figure B-9, Figure B-10.

Table B-8 : LEDs on the BRI U Module

LEDs	Indication
B1	Call established on the B1 channel
B2	Call established on the B2 channel
NT1	Synchronous status of the NT1---solid green indicates synchronization with the Telco ISDN switch

Figure B-9 : 4-Port BRI U Module LEDs

Figure B-10 : 8-Port BRI U Module LEDs

CT1/PRI Module LEDs

The LEDs on the CT1/PRI modules are described in Table B-9, and illustrated in Figure B-11, and Figure B-12.

Table B-9 : LEDs on the CT1/PRI Module

LEDs	Indication
REMOTE ALARM	Remote alarm condition
LOCAL ALARM	Local alarm condition
LOOPBACK	Loopback condition
CARRIER DETECT	Received carrier on the telco link

Figure B-11 : 1-Port CT1/PRI Module LEDs

Figure B-12 : 2-Port CT1/PRI Module LEDs

CT1/PRI-CSU Module LEDs

The LEDs on the CT1/PRI-CSU modules are described in Table B-10, and illustrated in Figure B-13, Figure B-14.

Table B-10 : LEDs on the CT1/PRI-CSU Module

LEDs	Indication
REMOTE ALARM	Remote alarm condition
LOCAL ALARM	Local alarm condition
LOOPBACK	Loopback condition
CARRIER DETECT	Received carrier on the telco link

Figure B-13 : 1-Port CT1/PRI-CSU Module LEDs

Figure B-14 : 2-Port CT1/PRI-CSU Module LEDs

CE1/PRI Module LEDs

The LEDs on the CE1/PRI-B and CE1/PRI-U modules are described in Table B-11, and illustrated in Figure B-15, Figure B-16. The same LEDs are used for balanced (120 ohm) and unbalanced (75 ohm) E1 interfaces.

Table B-11 : LEDs on the CE1/PRI Modules

LEDs	Indication
REMOTE ALARM	Remote alarm condition
LOCAL ALARM	Local alarm condition
LOOPBACK	Loopback condition
CARRIER DETECT	Received carrier on the telco link

Figure B-15 : 1-Port CE1/PRI Module LEDs

Figure B-16 : 2-Port CE1/PRI Module LEDs

Reading WAN Interface Card LEDs

The WAN interface card LEDs are all visible on the faceplate of the card.

Serial WAN Interface Card LEDs

The serial WAN interface card has one LED (CONN) that indicates a connection on the serial port. (See Figure B-17.)

Figure B-17 : Serial WAN Interface Card LEDs

BRI WAN Interface Card LEDs

The BRI S/T WAN interface card has two LEDs. (See Figure B-18.) The LEDs, labeled B1 and B2, indicate the status (up/down) of the two ISDN BRI B channels.

Figure B-18 : 1-Port BRI S/T WAN Interface Card LEDs

The BRI U WAN interface card has three LEDs. (See Figure B-19.) Two of the LEDs, labeled B1 and B2, indicate the status (up/down) of the two ISDN BRI B channels. The third LED, labeled NT1, indicates the synchronous status of the NT1.

Figure B-19 : 1-Port BRI U WAN Interface Card LEDs

Recovering a Lost Enable Password

This section describes how to recover a lost enable password.