Upgrading Cisco 2000 System Software

This publication is intended for the technician, engineer, or system administrator responsible for upgrading Cisco 2000 system software. The software upgrade is made by replacing erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) or plastic leaded chip carrier (PLCC) programmable read-only memory (PROM) components.

This publication contains the following sections:

Tools and Equipment

The Cisco 2000 comes in two models: with Token Ring and serial ports or with Ethernet and serial ports. The Token Ring version contains EPROMs, and the Ethernet version contains PLCC PROMs on a single in-line memory module (SIMM).

For the Cisco 2000 with Token Ring and serial ports, you will need the following tools and equipment:

ESD cord and wrist strap
No. 1 Phillips screwdriver
EPROM removal tool
Eight new EPROMs containing the system software labeled U41 through U48

For the Cisco 2000 with Ethernet and serial ports, you will need the following tools and equipment:

ESD cord and wrist strap
No. 1 Phillips screwdriver
PLCC extractor tool
Eight PLCC PROMs containing the system software, labeled U1 through U8

Note The Cisco 2000 with Ethernet and serial ports ships with two PLCC SIMMs in socket locations U94 and U87. The PLCC sockets on the SIMM in U87 are empty in some systems to allow for upgrades when the system image size exceeds the capacity of 4 PROMs.

General Safety

To ensure general safety, follow these guidelines:

Keep the area of the chassis clear and dust-free during and after installation.
Put removed chassis covers in a safe place and keep tools away from walk areas where you or others could trip over them.
Do not wear loose clothing or other items that could get caught in the chassis; fasten your tie or scarf and sleeves.
Wear safety glasses when working under conditions that might be hazardous to your eyes.
Do not perform any action that creates a potential hazard to people or makes the equipment unsafe.

Safety with Electricity

Warning Hazardous voltages may exist in or near the power supply, so use extreme caution when working with the power supply. Remove rings, watches, and any other jewelry before working on equipment that is connected to power lines. Metal objects will heat up when connected to power and ground, and the metal object can weld to a terminal or cause serious burns.

Follow these guidelines when working on equipment powered by electricity:

Locate the emergency power-off switch for the room in which you are working, so if an electrical accident occurs, you can act quickly.
Disconnect all power before doing the following:
- Installing or removing a chassis
- Working near power supplies
- Performing a software upgrade
Before working on the system, turn off the power and unplug the power cord.
Never assume that power has been disconnected from a circuit; always check.
Do not work alone when potentially hazardous conditions exist.
Carefully examine your work area for possible hazards, such as moist floors, ungrounded power extension cables, power surges, and missing safety grounds.
If an electrical accident occurs, do the following:
- Use caution; do not become a victim yourself.
- Turn off power to the system.
- If possible, send another person to get medical aid. Otherwise, assess the condition of the victim and then call for help.
- Determine if the person needs rescue breathing and/or external cardiac compressions; then take appropriate action.

Preventing Electrostatic Discharge Damage

When electronic printed circuit cards are improperly handled, electrostatic discharge (ESD) can damage equipment and impair electrical circuitry, and can result in complete or intermittent failures.

Always follow ESD prevention procedures when removing and replacing cards. Wear an ESD wrist strap, ensuring that it makes good skin contact. Connect the clip to an unpainted chassis frame surface to safely channel unwanted ESD voltages to ground. To properly guard against ESD damage and shocks, the wrist strap and cord must operate effectively.

Opening the Chassis

This section outlines the steps required to open the Cisco 2000 chassis. The following discussion assumes that you are looking at the Cisco 2000 from the front. Use Figure 1 as a guide when removing the cover and power supply tray.

Figure 1 Internal View of the Cisco 2000

Caution Before opening the chassis, be sure you have discharged all static electricity from your body, as discussed in the section "Preventing Electrostatic Discharge Damage." Ensure that the power cord has been disconnected.

Removing the Chassis Cover

To remove the Cisco 2000 cover, follow these steps:

Step 1 Turn OFF the unit and unplug it.

Step 2 Remove all cables from the back of the Cisco 2000 (including the power cable) to ensure that the unit is not powered on and to ensure that the cover will not get stuck on the cables. Avoid damaging any cables in the process.

Step 3 Turn the unit up so that the back of the chassis is resting on a surface and the underside of the chassis is facing you, taking care not to damage the LAN or WAN connectors.

Step 4 Remove the latch screw behind the latch on the right underside of the chassis. The latch will not open until this screw is removed.

Step 5 Put the unit back down with the LEDs facing you. Place your fingers inside the two front latches on the underside of the chassis and push the latches away from you until they snap open.

Step 6 Lift the chassis cover from the front edge where the LEDs are located. The chassis cover will tilt up from the front toward the back. If you feel excessive resistance when opening the unit, one of the latches might still be closed. Try pushing back on the latches again.

Figure 2 Cisco 2000 Tray Assembly

Step 7 Remove the ground wire (green with yellow stripes) connecting the hinge post on the cover with the main ground stud, as shown in Figure 2. The ground wire is attached to the main ground stud with a slip--on lug, so the wire can be slipped off easily.

Step 8 Remove the chassis cover the rest of the way by pulling it up and forward so that the hinge posts come free from the notches in the bottom tray.

Step 9 Set the cover aside.

Removing the Power Supply Tray

To remove the power supply tray assembly, follow these steps:

Step 1 Locate the DC power harness on the far left edge of the power supply tray assembly, as shown in Figure 2. Using the pull tab provided, detach the DC power harness from the system card under the power supply tray assembly.

Caution If you lift the power supply tray assembly without removing this harness, you might damage the cable that provides all the power to the system card.

Step 2 Remove the power supply tray screw (safety ground screw), which is located near the right front corner of the power supply tray assembly, as shown in Figure 2.

Note The power supply tray screw that holds down the power supply tray assembly is not obvious. This screw must be removed before the power supply tray assembly can be removed.

Step 3 Place your fingers underneath the front edge of the power supply tray assembly and pull the edge up. The latches holding the power supply tray assembly will release.

Step 4 Slide the power supply tray assembly toward you, lift it off the bottom, and remove it. The system card is now exposed. You do not need to remove the system card from the bottom of the chassis.

Step 5 Set the power supply tray assembly aside.

Replacing System Software

If you are replacing the system software in a system with a Token Ring port, proceed to the section "Upgrading System Software in Systems with a Token Ring Port."

If you are replacing the system software in a system with an Ethernet port, proceed to the section "Removing SIMMs Containing PLCCs."

Upgrading System Software in Systems with a Token Ring Port

Upgrading system software in systems with a Token Ring involves removing and then replacing the erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM) devices.

Removing the EPROMs

After the system card is exposed, follow the procedures in this section to replace the existing EPROMs with new EPROMs and make the appropriate jumper settings.

After removing the old EPROMs, keep them separate from the new ones to avoid mixing the two sets.

Caution The correct placement of the EPROMs is crucial. If improperly positioned, the EPROMs could be damaged when the system is powered on. Read all of the instructions before proceeding. To prevent damage to the EPROMs from electrostatic discharge (when handling the system and its components), follow the ESD procedures described earlier. Also, be careful not to damage or scratch the printed circuit card under the EPROMs.

Figure 3 illustrates the model 2202 (with Token Ring) card layout. The card is oriented with the front panel LEDs at the bottom of the illustration. Refer to this figure to locate the EPROMs on the system card.

Figure 3 Card Layout---Model 2202 Router (with Token Ring)

Replacing System Software EPROMs

Before you begin, verify that all the EPROMs you plan to install are manufactured by the same source. For example, they should all be manufactured by Intel Corporation or all be manufactured by Advanced Micro Devices, Inc.

Step 1 Locate the EPROMs labeled U41 through U48 at the front of the unit. (See Figure 3.) Note the orientation of the notches on the EPROMs to aid in inserting the new EPROMs. Do not rely on the EPROM labels for correct positioning.

Step 2 Use an EPROM removal tool to gently remove EPROMs U41 through U48. Set the EPROMs aside and keep them in case you need to use them again.

Step 3 Insert the EPROMs in sockets U41 through U48 in the order shown in Figure 3, being careful not to bend or crush any of the pins. To straighten a bent pin, use needlenose pliers. Align the notch in the EPROM with the notch in the EPROM socket, ignoring the orientation of the label. Also, be sure to insert the EPROMs using the same orientation as the EPROMs you are replacing.

Step 4 Proceed to the following section, "Setting EPROM Jumpers."

Setting EPROM Jumpers

When all the EPROMs have been inserted, select the proper jumper configurations at jumper locations W1, W2, W3, and W4. The jumper settings should be as shown in Figure 3.

Note The jumper ordering (first W3, then W2, then W4) is not intuitive.

Replacing System Software in Model 2102 Systems with an Ethernet Port

Upgrading system software in model 2102 (Ethernet and serial) routers involves removing the programmable read-only memory (PROM) devices from the PLCC single in-line memory module (SIMM) (as shown in Figure 4) and then installing new PROMs. The PLCC SIMM is then replaced in its socket. (See Figure 5.)

Figure 4 PLCC SIMM Showing EPROM Components

Removing SIMMs Containing PLCCs

Follow these steps to replace the PLCC SIMMs and components on your router:

Step 1 Locate the PLCC SIMMs on the system card. (See Figure 5.)

Step 2 Remove the PLCC SIMMs by lightly squeezing the connector clips to unlatch them as shown in Figure 6. Be careful not to break the clips on the SIMM connector.

Figure 5 Card Layout---Model 2102 Router (with Ethernet )

Figure 6 Removing SIMMs Containing PLCC Components

Step 3 Proceed to the following section, "Removing PLCC PROMs."

Removing PLCC PROMs

Follow these steps to remove the PLCC PROMs from the PLCC SIMM sockets:

Step 1 Insert the PLCC removal tool in the diagonal slots on the PLCC socket. (See Figure 7.)

Step 2 Squeeze the PLCC extractor tool with your hand until the PROM is lifted free of its socket.

Step 3 Repeat steps 1 and 2 for each PLCC PROM.

Step 4 Proceed to the following section, "Installing PLCC PROMs."

Figure 7 Removing a PLCC PROM from a PLCC SIMM Socket

Installing PLCC PROMs

To install new PLCC PROMs, insert each PROM into the position indicated by its label into the corresponding position on the PLCC socket. (See Figure 4.) The PROMs can only fit into the connector on the PLCC SIMM in one orientation. Ensure that the PROM is oriented correctly and press it into the open slot that corresponds to its position as shown in Figure 4. Table 1 shows the components that each PLCC SIMM should contain. Note that U94 contains all the even-numbered components, and that U87 contains all the odd-numbered components.

Table 1 PLCC SIMM EPROM Components Locations

Component Numbers for U94 Component Numbers for U87

U2 U1

U4 U3

U6 U5

U8 U7

Component Numbers for U94	Component Numbers for U87
U2	U1
U4	U3
U6	U5
U8	U7

Replacing SIMMs

Follow these steps to replace the PLCCcontaining SIMMs:

Step 1 Insert the SIMM with PROMs labeled U2, U4, U6, and U8 into the connector labeled U94, sliding the end with the metal fingers straight down into the SIMM connector socket, at an angle perpendicular to the card.

Step 2 Gently rock the SIMM back toward the system card and into place, as shown in Figure 5. Do not use excessive force, or the connector could break.

Step 3 Insert the SIMM with PROMs labeled U1, U3, U5, and U7 into the connector labeled U87, sliding the end with the metal fingers straight down into the SIMM connector socket, at an angle perpendicular to the card.

Step 4 After installing the memory upgrade, proceed to the section ""Replacing System Software in Model 2102 Systems with an Ethernet Port," page 8.

Replacing the Cover and Tray

After you replace the EPROMs or PROMs for your system, replace the cover and tray by following these steps, while referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2:

Step 1 Replace the metal power supply tray on the chassis.

Step 2 Replace the ground wire.

Step 3 Replace the DC power harness.

Step 4 Replace the power supply tray screw (safety ground screw).

Step 5 Replace the chassis cover.

Step 6 Replace the latch screw.

Step 7 Replace the chassis network cables.

Step 8 Replace the power cable.

Step 9 Proceed to the following section, "Checking the Installation."

Note The power cable is designed so that if it is installed backwards or offset, +5V is shorted to ground. This enables the protective circuitry on the power supply to protect the system card from reversed voltage. If this happens, you will hear a quiet clicking from the power supply, but you will not hear other noises, such as the fan, and no LEDs will go on.

Checking the Installation

To test the installation, turn on the power. The OK LED on the front of the chassis should go on, and your system will go through the bootup procedures. For details, refer to the publications Router Products Configuration and Reference or the Router Products Getting Started Guide.

When a model 2202 (Token Ring) router is turned on with one or more of the EPROMs incorrectly inserted, the system will not boot properly. If this happens, do the following:

Step 1 Turn OFF the power

Step 2 Reopen the chassis to the system card.

Step 3 Locate the offending EPROM, straighten its pins, then reinsert it.

Step 4 Reassemble the chassis.

Step 5 Turn ON the power to test it again.

Step 6 When the system tests successfully, follow the instructions in your software manual for rebooting the system and loading memory.

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